Groot Trek – Winburg (kaarte)

Insiggewende Voortrekker (Boere republieke) gebiedskaarte wat geteken is na die Groot Trek en die Boere wat wel gebiede verkry het met onderhandelinges of niemandsland met swart leiers destyds, Die een kaart dui onder andere Natalia, Winburg, Potchefstroom, Zoutpansberg en Lydenburg aan, gebiede soos Stellaland en ander hoort ook hier.   Dis al herhaaldelik uitgewys dat ons as volk, het onafhanklike lande gehad voor die Britte dit kom afneem het vir goud en diamante. Gebiede, wat internasionaal erken is. 

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Drawing of a map of the lands of the Voortrekkers, depicting the Orange River, Philippolis, Riet River, Smithfield, Modder River, Transorangia, Winburg, Basutoland, Vaal River, Winburg, Harrismith, Pietermaritzburg, Port Natal, Natal, Weenen, Tugela River, Potchefstroom, Rustenberg, Pretoria, Utrecht, Marico River, Lydenburg, Andries Ohrigstad, Zoutpansberg, Schoemansdal and Limpopo River.

The map also depicts detail of the Republic of Potchefstroom (1840), the Republic of Natal (1840), Natal (1845), Klip River Republic, Adam Kok’s Reserve (1846), the Orange River Sovereignty (1848), the South African Republics and the Conquered Territory (1866).
https://digital.lib.sun.ac.za/handle/10019.2/344

 
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Q – The Orange Free State was an independent Boer sovereign republic in southern Africa during the second half of the 19th century, and later a British colony and a province of the Union of South Africa. It is the historical precursor to the present-day Free State province. Extending between the Orange and Vaal rivers, its borders were determined by the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland in 1848 when the region was proclaimed as the Orange River Sovereignty, with a seat of a British Resident in Bloemfontein.   

In the northern part of the territory a Voortrekker Republic was established at Winburg in 1837. This state merged with the Republic of Potchefstroom which later formed part of the South African Republic (Transvaal).

Lord Carnarvon declined to entertain the proposal made by Mr Brand that the territory should be given up by Great Britain. One thing at least is certain with regard to the diamond fields — they were the means of restoring the credit and prosperity of the Free State.

In the opinion, moreover, of Dr Theal, who has written the history of the Boer Republics, the annexation of Griqualand West was probably in the best interests of the Free State. “There was no alternative from British sovereignty other than an independent diamond field republic.”

At this time, largely owing to the exhausting struggle with the Basutos, the Free State Boers, like their Transvaal neighbors, had drifted into financial straits.

A paper currency had been instituted, and the notes, known as “bluebacks”, soon dropped to less than half their nominal value. Commerce was largely carried on by barter, and many cases of bankruptcy occurred in the state. But as British annexation in 1877 saved the Transvaal from bankruptcy, so did the influx of British and other immigrants to the diamond fields, in the early 1870s, restore public credit and individual prosperity to the Boers of the Free State.

The diamond fields offered a ready market for stock and other agricultural produce. Money flowed into the pockets of the farmers. Public credit was restored. ” Bluebacks ” recovered par value, and were called in and redeemed by the government. Valuable diamond mines were also discovered within the Free State, of which the one at Jagersfontein is the richest. Capital from Kimberley and London was soon provided with which to work them.

Following the granting of sovereignty to the Transvaal Republic, the British recognized the independence of the Orange River Sovereignty on 17 February 1854 and the country officially became independent as the Orange Free State on 23 February 1854, with the signing of the Orange River Convention. The new republic incorporated both the Orange River Sovereignty and the traditions of the Winburg-Potchefstroom Republic.

The Basutoland difficulties were no sooner arranged than the Free Staters found themselves confronted with a serious difficulty on their western border. In the years 1870–1871 a large number of foreign diggers had settled on the diamond fields near the junction of the Vaal and Orange rivers, which were situated in part on land claimed by the Fi Griqua chief Nicholas Waterboer and by the Free State.

The Free State established a temporary government over the diamond fields, but the administration of this body was satisfactory neither to the Free State nor to the diggers.

At this juncture Waterboer offered to place the territory under the administration of Queen Victoria. The offer was accepted, and on 27 October 1871 the district, together with some adjacent territory to which the Transvaal had laid claim, was proclaimed, under the name of Griqualand West, British territory.

Waterboer’s claims were based on the treaty concluded by his father with the British in 1834, and on various arrangements with the Kok chiefs; the Free State based its claim on its purchase of Adam Kok’s sovereign rights and on long occupation.    The difference between proprietorship and sovereignty was confused or ignored.

That Waterboer exercised no authority in the disputed district was admitted. When the British annexation took place a party in the Volksraad wished to go to war with Britain, but the wiser counsels of President Brand prevailed. The Free State, however, did not abandon its claims. The matter involved no little irritation between the parties concerned until July 1876. It was then disposed of by the 4th earl of Carnarvon, at that time secretary of state for the colonies, who granted to the Free State payment “in full satisfaction of all claims which it considers it may possess to Griqualand West.” UQ

http://eezefind.co.za/orange-free-state-general/?fbclid=IwAR1xffeUqUzK4nhk7Q5RKwMWZ6slAfGjjsjmHGuUJfXOp_vhaQdI2htSwOE


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Voor 1994

Hy was direk betrokke met die ou Tuislande.  Daar was groot maatskappye en besighede op die grense geskep vir werksgeleenthede deur die destydse Nywerheidsontwikkelingskorporasie (NOK).

Stem uit die Graf

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In 1994 het die amptelike Volkstaatraad Selfbeskikking en Volkstaat verder ondersoek.   Dit is onder die interim grondwet aanvaar en was ‘n amptelike Raad aangestel wat in 1994 die ondersoek begin doen het.

Dit was basies dieselfde gebiede (veral die verskillende Boere republieke) wat ondersoek is, waar ons as volk steeds in die meerderheid is.    Van hierdie gebiede het reeds internasionale erkenning gehad as onafhanklike lande.

Die ANC besluit nie namens enige volk vir volle onafhanklikheid of eksterne selfbeskikking nie, dit word internasionaal gedoen.    Hulle moet wel ingelig word en hulle is reeds ingelig met die Volkstaatraad en selfs vorige besprekingsvergaderings.   Hulle kan wel oor interne selfbeskikking beslis.   

Dis ons as volk wat verantwoordelik is vir ons eie vryheid en dis ons wat dit  vorentoe moet neem.  Ander volke gaan dit nie doen vir of namens ons nie. Selfs in gebiede gaan woon waar ons nie meerderheid is nie, want dit word in ag geneem vir enige selfbeskikking.

Ons moet ophou klou aan ander volke wat swart bemagtiging en onteiening oor ons gewettig het. Indien hulle selfbeskikking wou gehad het, kon hulle dit met 1993 se Kodesa al aangedui het. Hulle het nie.

Die ANC en ander politieke partye gaan nie vir ons besluite maak nie.   Geen politieke party gaan help, almal is multi-kultureel, dus, is hulle nie gefokus op volksoorlewing nie.   

Dis ook so bekragtig in met die 1996 Grondwet dat die ANC nie die mag het oor volke sou hul hulself wil regeer nie.  Geen wetgewing is nodig vir selfbeskikking nie, want dis ‘n internasionale reg.

ONS as volk het geen seggenskap oor ander volke of kan hulle vra om die pad saam te loop nie – elke volk is op hulself aangewese – ons ook.  Dis hoekom ons as volk in 1994 die mandaat verkry het om dit weer eens volledig te ondersoek onder die ou grondwet van 1993.     Dit is ook ‘n internasionale reg.

Buitendien, meeste tradisionele leiers (al die 8840 en hul ondersteuners) van die Swart en Khoi san volke het dieselfde reg as ons, maar hulle het verkies om die pad saam die ANC te loop met aparte wetgewings en gebiede, sedert 1993 en Kodesa.   Nie een van hul gebiede sluit ons hierby in nie. Daar is hordes witskrifte en hansards wat dit bewys en wat reeds geplaas is.

Al word daar met ander leiers gepraat hieroor, beteken dit nie hul gaan skielik agteroorbuig om ons te help nie, of hul status by die ANC wat reeds in verskillende wetgewings vervat is, eenkant toe stoot om die pad saam ons te loop nie.

Dit vertraag net ons eie situasie vir vryheid en selfbeskikking. Dis nie die risiko werd nie. Hulle is selfs ingesluit in die EEN plan van Ramaphosa (inligting word ook hierondeer geplaas), die plan is reeds in werking waar alle tradisionele leiers die ANC reeds behulpsaam is.

Wat voel hulle vir ons met swart bemagtiging of twee aparte huise, slegs hulle leiers word vergoed (8840). Wetgewing gaan ook na die onderskeie huise toe. En al hul gebiede, munisipaliteite, streke is swart bemagtiging en regstelaksies van krag. Ons status is reeds -zero status verby.

Daar is nie tans ander volke wat regtig hul vryheid wil verkry behalwe ons nie. Ons kan nie ander volke indwing in situasies soos wat daar was met Tuislande nie. Hulle het REEDS hierdie gebiede en hul gebiede word verseker en is beskerm al sedert Britse anneksasies. Hulle is ook nie grondloos soos hulle beweer nie.






Aanbevelings van gebiede gepubliseer 1995
Self-determination –  Selfbeskikking (publikasie 1995)

Self-determination – Onafhanklikheid

Selfbeskikkingsreg – Volk

Selfbeskikking en Volkstaat (Akkoord)

Geen wet is hiervoor nodig nie (wat met die huidige grondwet bekragtig is) – die Akkoord is reeds voor die 1996 grondwet onderhandel en aanstellings amptelik gedoen.

Selfbeskikking – Afrikaner voorgestelde wet 1998

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Kommunistiese plannetjies uiteengesit: Heelwat is reeds in plek. Heelwat finansiële steun is ook aan die CPA’s en Trustgebiede oorhandig.

Development of One Plans – Ramaphosa

Traditional leaders South Africa: 8840

Trustgebiede – Tuislande – Reservate

KhoiSan

Indigenous land (old homelands)  – Trustland  – CPA  – landclaims